Large hydraulic excavator working a bench

Health and safety

Critical risk management

A small number of hazards account for almost all fatal outcomes in mining. Each carries controls that cannot be waived at site level.

The principle

Most injuries and almost all fatalities in the mining industry arise from a small and well-characterised set of hazards. Treating every hazard with equal management attention produces a system in which the ones that kill people receive the same attention as the ones that do not. Critical risk management is the opposite approach: we identify in advance the hazards capable of causing a fatality, give each a defined set of mandatory controls, and verify those controls in the field rather than assume them.

A critical control is mandatory. It cannot be waived, substituted or deferred at site level. Where a critical control is not in place, the work does not proceed.

Key facts

Critical risks

Ten critical risks, each with mandatory controls that cannot be waived at site level.

Mandatory controls

Where a critical control is not in place, the work does not proceed.

Verification

We verify in the field on the work, not on the paperwork.

Potential-fatality events

We investigate a potential-fatality event as we would a fatality.

The critical risks and their controls

Critical risk
Where it arises
Mandatory controls
Vehicles and mobile equipment
Access roads, haulage, light vehicle movements over long distances in mountainous terrain
Journey management and authorisation; competence verification for the vehicle class; speed and fatigue controls; seat belts; separation of light and heavy vehicles; pre-use inspection
Ground and geotechnical failure
Surface excavations, underground development, waste and stockpile faces
Geotechnical assessment before excavation; designed slope and support standards; ground support installation and inspection; exclusion zones; monitoring after rainfall and seismic events
Working at height
Drill rigs, structures, tanks, temporary works
Fall prevention before fall arrest; anchor points designed and certified; edge protection; permit and rescue plan before work starts
Energy isolation
Maintenance and intervention on electrical, mechanical, hydraulic and pressure systems
Isolation, lock-out and tag-out; stored energy dissipated; isolation verified by test before work; single point of control
Lifting and suspended loads
Rig handling, materials handling, construction
Certified equipment and operators; lift plan for non-routine lifts; exclusion zone under suspended loads; no personnel under a load
Hazardous substances
Fuels, reagents, laboratory chemicals, explosives handled by licensed parties
Inventory and segregation; ventilation and exposure monitoring; containment and spill response; licensed handling and storage; exposure surveillance
Confined space entry
Tanks, sumps, shafts, poorly ventilated development
Permit and atmospheric testing before entry; continuous monitoring; attendant; rescue plan and equipment on site before entry
Fire and explosion
Fuel storage, workshops, camps, underground plant
Ignition source control; detection and suppression; separation distances; evacuation plan and drills
Altitude and remoteness
Work conducted at altitude and at distance from definitive medical care
Acclimatisation protocols; medical screening for altitude exposure; on-site medical capability matched to evacuation time; communications redundancy
Water and inundation
Watercourses, seasonal rainfall, underground water inflow
Hydrological assessment; drainage and diversion design; monitoring during the wet season; inundation exclusion and warning arrangements

Verification

Each critical control has a defined verification method, a defined frequency and a named verifier. We verify in the field on the work as it is being done, not on the document describing it. Where verification finds a control absent or ineffective, we stop the work, restore the control, and record and analyse the finding for whether the control has failed at other sites.

Learning from events

We investigate a potential-fatality event on the same basis as an actual fatality, because the difference between them is frequently a matter of chance rather than of control. The investigation identifies which critical control failed and why, and we apply the finding across every site where we rely on the same control.

Reporting

Where an activity generates them, counts of critical control verifications, potential-fatality events and control failures are published. We record each, so that reporting rests on a consistent basis.

Raising a concern

Employees, suppliers, communities and any other party may raise a concern through the confidential reporting channels. We provide for anonymous reporting, and we do not tolerate retaliation against a person who raises a concern in good faith.

Haul truck on a haul road below a pit wall